As AI accelerates wartime misinformation, fact-checkers across Gaza, Ukraine and Lake Chad are finding that the most effective defence still depends on human networks, local knowledge and shared verification infrastructure.

Generative AI is transforming journalism and journalism education, but this article shows that its benefits are unevenly distributed, often reinforcing Global North–South inequalities while simultaneously boosting efficiency, undermining critical thinking, and deepening precarity in newsrooms and classrooms.