Al Jazeera Journalism Review

outside image
An Indian Muslim prepares for Friday prayers during Ramadan at the Mecca Masjid in Hyderabad, India, on Friday, May 7, 2021, when the COVID pandemic was still in full force. Misinformation linking Muslims to the spread of coronavirus were compounded by false stories from news agencies such as ANI, which is partly funded by Thomson Reuters [Mahesh Kumar/AP]

Why is a Western news organisation funding propaganda in India?

ANI, the world’s largest source of Indian news, receives funding from Thomson-Reuters, despite widespread condemnation for its misinformation about Muslims

 

We all put our trust in the international news agencies which alert us of breaking news over the wires every day.

Perhaps the most famous of these is Thomson Reuters, a news agency known around the world as a trusted source of unbiased, factual news coverage. And, for the most part, this is exactly what it is.

But in India, Reuters is actively helping to fund and distribute false, propagandistic and, at times, anti-minority news coverage through its “strategic partnership” with and financial backing of another news agency which does not adhere to its principles of “independence, integrity, and freedom from bias”: Asia News International (ANI).

Founded in 1971, ANI has in recent years quoted from non-existent sources and fabricated think tanks. An investigation into ANI’s sourcing practices by the Belgian non-profit organisation EU Disinfo Lab (www.disinfo.eu) shows how such disinformation transfers with ease to major mainstream news outlets.

India disinfo1

ANI has also issued “news” accusing Muslims of crimes they did not commit - such as when it tweeted, apparently quoting the deputy commissioner of the police (DCP) in Gautam Budh Nagar, saying that people in Harola, Noida who had come into contact with Tablighi Jamaat members had been quarantined. The story was part of a fake news drive linking members of the Islamic scholarly group with a new outbreak of COVID in India. It was quickly debunked, however, with the DCP stating that people had been quarantined as a matter of procedure and it had nothing to do with Tablighi Jamaat whatsoever.

ANI has also been shown to have strong connections with the Modi government, while its senior staff often offer simpering support for Modi himself. So tight is the relationship between ANI and the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in India, that the political party sometimes pays for the company to livestream party speeches, hiring out news organisation employees as if they were wedding photographers. In 2019, ANI tweeted out the following headline from West Bengal, with no quotes to indicate that the same lines had just appeared in a BJP twitter account: “The BJP shall bring glory back to Bengal. This is what a real speech from a real leader sounds like.” 

According to the Indian investigative outlet, The Caravan, which spoke with numerous former ANI staffers, ANI also partners with Indian government ministries to create video content advancing their chosen political messages. Former ANI staffers allege that they were ordered by management to under-report the death tolls of Indian military strikes in Kashmir, The Caravan reported in the same article. 

ANI’s cosy relationship with Modi’s (BJP) is worrisome. Equally, its close links to the political offshoot of the right-wing, Hindu nationalist paramilitary organisation, the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). 

ANI routinely presents BJP politicians as if they are neutral observers of political affairs or eyewitnesses to events, who, conveniently, just happen to often criticise parties and politicians opposing the BJP. Reuters support has helped ANI to manufacture this illusion of ordinary citizens spouting BJP talking points.

As one of the largest distributors of Indian news to global television channels, ANI’s coverage plays a central role in presenting India’s global image. Meanwhile, Reuters is a major financial backer - at one point owning a 49 percent financial stake in ANI. While it later reduced its share in order to comply with Indian government regulations, Reuters continues to be a major backer. 

It does so despite of a chorus of criticism and condemnation from around the world, ranging from a scathing report on ANI’s practices from a damning investigation by France’s Le Monde, to a letter from Indian military veterans, urging Reuters to reconsider its partnership with ANI in light of the latter’s deliberate distortion of facts which made it seem as if the BJP had more support than it did on a crucial military policy debate. 

According to The Caravan’s report, Reuter’s own staffers have criticised ANI’s reporting. Former Reuters producer Siddharth Dubey told The Caravan: “The [Reuters] London newsroom complained about the quality. We rewrote the scripts, top to bottom. We did our own fact checking. Every Christmas time, Reuters was close to pulling out. But ANI is the only one who will give footage from everywhere in India.”

The decision to fund ANI is not simply a matter of supporting a few harmless “untruths”. ANI’s misreporting has fed into broader conspiratorial media cycles that have fuelled anti-Muslim sentiment and even violence in India. 

Indian media outlets regularly transmit false evidence of the so-called “Love Jihad” and  “Corona Jihad” conspiracy theories, the first of which advances the idea that Muslim men entrap Hindu women to convert them to Islam, while the second blames Muslims for the spread of COVID-19.

ANI has contributed to this broader reporting trend, falsely connecting a Muslim man to a shocking rape case in conflict-torn Manipur this year. In that case, ANI was forced to make a retraction and apologise in a Tweet for its “mistake”.

Indis disinfo2

In this case and that of the false story about Tablighi Jamaat members spreading COVID, ANI’s reporting provoked hundreds of Islamophobic remarks from online commenters and possibly many more from the thousands of news consumers who read about the cases in other media outlets which had relayed ANI reports before it issued the correction. 

These ANI “stories” have undeniably contributed to anti-Muslim sentiment throughout the country. 

On other occasions, ANI has even quoted people who do not even appear to exist. It has extensively cited James Duglous (sic) Crickton, Magda Lipan (sometimes spelled Magad Lipan, or Magda Lipin), and Valentin Popescu in articles circulated to millions of readers. The only problem, as the EU Disinfo Lab found, is that none of these people appear to exist. 

The same goes for a think tank called the International Forum for Rights and Security (IFRAS), a Canadian organisation that was formally dissolved in 2014, but which nonetheless claims to have hosted a 2020 academic conference on the “rise of the Muslim Brotherhood”. ANI quotes from this think tank approximately twice a week, according to EU Disinfo Lab. 

So why does Thomson Reuters continue to be so closely connected to the news agency?

Despite multiple requests for comment by Al Jazeera Journalism Review, Thomson Reuters did not respond to explain. 

Deep regime ties, quoting non-existent entities, sloppy and false reporting that has fuelled anti-minority sentiment - none of these practices align with Reuters’ own. If Reuters would not tolerate such misconduct in its own newsrooms, it shouldn’t bankroll it either. In continuing to do so, despite strenuous opposition, it actively harms readers around the world as well as Indian minorities.

Morley Musick is a freelance journalist and editor-in-chief of the international literary magazine Mouse Magazine

 

The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera Journalism Review’s editorial stance

 

 

 

More Articles

Independent Syrian Journalism: From Revolution to Assad's Fall

Independent Syrian journalism played a pivotal role in exposing regime corruption and documenting war crimes during the 13-year revolution, despite immense risks to journalists, including imprisonment, assassination, and exile. Operating from abroad, these journalists pioneered investigative and open-source reporting, preserving evidence, and shaping narratives that challenged the Assad regime's propaganda.

Ahmad Haj Hamdo
Ahmad Haj Hamdo Published on: 17 Dec, 2024
Bolivia’s Mines and Radio: A Voice of the Global South Against Hegemony

Miners' radio stations in the heart of Bolivia's mining communities, played a crucial role in shaping communication within mining communities, contributing to social and political movements. These stations intersected with anarchist theatre, educational initiatives, and alternative media, addressing labour rights, minority groups, and imperialism.

Khaldoun Shami PhD
Khaldoun H. Shami Published on: 16 Dec, 2024
How Does Misinformation Undermine Public Trust in Journalism?

Reports reveal a growing loss of trust in the media, driven by the extent of misinformation that undermines professional journalism's ability to influence public discourse. The platforms of misinformation, now supported by states and private entities during conflicts and wars, threaten to strip the profession of its core roles of accountability and oversight.

Muhammad Khamaiseh 1
Muhammad Khamaiseh Published on: 13 Nov, 2024
Challenging the Narrative: Jeremy Scahill on the Need for Adversarial Journalism

Investigative journalist Jeremy Scahill calls for a revival of "adversarial journalism" to reinstate crucial professional and humanitarian values in mainstream Western media, especially regarding the coverage of the Gaza genocide.

Mohammad Zeidan
Mohammad Zeidan Published on: 10 Nov, 2024
Freedom of the Press in Jordan and Unconstitutional Interpretations

Since the approval of the Cybercrime Law in Jordan, freedom of opinion and expression has entered a troubling phase marked by the arrest of journalists and restrictions on media. Musab Shawabkeh offers a constitutional reading based on interpretations and rulings that uphold freedom of expression in a context where the country needs diverse opinions in the face of the Israeli ultra right wing politics.

Musab Shawabkeh
Musab Al Shawabkeh Published on: 8 Nov, 2024
Voting in a Time of Genocide

The upcoming U.S. presidential election occurs against the backdrop of the ongoing genocide in Gaza, with AJ Plus prioritising marginalised voices and critically analysing Western mainstream media narratives while highlighting the undemocratic aspects of the U.S. electoral system.

Tony Karon Published on: 22 Oct, 2024
Journalists Should Not Embrace the Artificial Intelligence Hype

What factors should journalists take into account while discussing the use of AI in the media?

Jorge Sagastume Muralles
Jorge Sagastume Published on: 16 Oct, 2024
A Year of Genocide and Bias: Western Media's Whitewashing of Israel's Ongoing War on Gaza

Major Western media outlets continue to prove that they are a party in the war of narratives, siding with the Israeli occupation. The article explains how these major Western media outlets are still refining their techniques of bias in favor of the occupation, even a year after the genocide in Palestine.

Mohammad Zeidan
Mohammad Zeidan Published on: 9 Oct, 2024
A Half-Truth is a Full Lie

Misinformation is rampant in modern conflicts, worsened by the internet and social media, where false news spreads easily. While news agencies aim to provide unbiased, fact-based reporting, their focus on brevity and hard facts often lacks the necessary context, leaving the public vulnerable to manipulation and unable to fully grasp the complexities of these issues.

Ilya
Ilya U Topper Published on: 30 Sep, 2024
Testimonies of the First Witness of the Sabra & Shatila Massacre

The Sabra and Shatila massacre in 1982 saw over 3,000 unarmed Palestinian refugees brutally killed by Phalangist militias under the facilitation of Israeli forces. As the first journalist to enter the camps, Japanese journalist Ryuichi Hirokawa provides a harrowing first-hand account of the atrocity amid a media blackout. His testimony highlights the power of bearing witness to a war crime and contrasts the past Israeli public outcry with today’s silence over the ongoing genocide in Gaza.

Mei Shigenobu مي شيغينوبو
Mei Shigenobu Published on: 18 Sep, 2024
Anonymous Sources in the New York Times... Covering the War with One Eye

The use of anonymous sources in journalism is considered, within professional and ethical standards, a “last option” for journalists. However, analysis of New York Times data reveals a persistent pattern in the use of “anonymity” to support specific narratives, especially Israeli narratives.

Mohammad Zeidan
Mohammad Zeidan Published on: 8 Sep, 2024
India and Pakistan; Journalists building Bridges for Understanding

Amid decades of tension, journalists from India and Pakistan are uniting to combat hostile narratives and highlight shared challenges. Through collaboration, they’re fostering understanding on pressing issues like climate change and healthcare, proving that empathy can transcend borders. Discover how initiatives like the Journalists' Exchange Programme are paving the way for peace journalism and a more nuanced narrative.

Safina
Safina Nabi Published on: 12 Aug, 2024
From TV Screens to YouTube: The Rise of Exiled Journalists in Pakistan

Pakistani journalists are leveraging YouTube to overcome censorship, connecting with global audiences, and redefining independent reporting in their homeland.

Anam Hussain
Anam Hussain Published on: 28 Jul, 2024
How AI Synthesised Media Shapes Voter Perception: India's Case in Point

The recent Indian elections witnessed the unprecedented use of generative AI, leading to a surge in misinformation and deepfakes. Political parties leveraged AI to create digital avatars of deceased leaders, Bollywood actors

Suvrat Arora
Suvrat Arora Published on: 12 Jun, 2024
The Rise of Podcasting: How Digital Audio Is Revolutionising Journalism

In this age of digital transformation and media convergence, podcasts stand out as a testament to the enduring power of journalism—a medium that transcends borders, sparks conversations, and brings the world closer together.

Anam Hussain
Anam Hussain Published on: 6 Jun, 2024
Under Fire: The Perilous Reality for Journalists in Gaza's War Zone

Journalists lack safety equipment and legal protection, highlighting the challenges faced by journalists in Gaza. While Israel denies responsibility for targeting journalists, the lack of international intervention leaves journalists in Gaza exposed to daily danger.

Linda Shalash
Linda Shalash Published on: 9 May, 2024
Your Words Are Your Weapon — You Are a Soldier in a Propaganda War

Narrative warfare and the role of journalists in it is immense; the context of the conflict, the battleground has shifted to the realm of narratives, where journalists play a decisive role in shaping the narrative.

Ilya
Ilya U Topper Published on: 21 Apr, 2024
The Privilege and Burden of Conflict Reporting in Nigeria: Navigating the Emotional Toll

The internal struggle and moral dilemmas faced by a conflict reporter, as they grapple with the overwhelming nature of the tragedies they witness and the sense of helplessness in the face of such immense suffering. It ultimately underscores the vital role of conflict journalism in preserving historical memory and giving a voice to the voiceless.

Hauwa Shaffii Nuhu
Hauwa Shaffii Nuhu Published on: 17 Apr, 2024
Journalism in chains in Cameroon

Investigative journalists in Cameroon sometimes use treacherous means to navigate the numerous challenges that hamper the practice of their profession: the absence of the Freedom of Information Act, the criminalisation of press offenses, and the scare of the overly-broad anti-terrorism law.

Nalova Akua
Nalova Akua Published on: 12 Apr, 2024
The Perils of Journalism and the Rise of Citizen Media in Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia's media landscape is grim, with low rankings for internet and press freedom across the region. While citizen journalism has risen to fill the gaps, journalists - both professional and citizen - face significant risks due to government crackdowns and the collusion between tech companies and authorities to enable censorship and surveillance.

AJR Contributor Published on: 6 Apr, 2024
Orientalism, Imperialism and The Western Coverage of Palestine

Western mainstream media biases and defence of the Israeli narrative are connected to orientalism, racism, and imperialism, serving the interests of Western ruling political and economic elites. However, it is being challenged by global movements aiming to shed light on the realities of the conflict and express solidarity with the Palestinian population.

Joseph Daher
Joseph Daher Published on: 1 Apr, 2024
Ethical Dilemmas of Photo Editing in Media: Lessons from Kate Middleton’s Photo Controversy

Photoshop—an intelligent digital tool celebrated for enhancing the visual appearance of photographs—is a double-edged sword. While it has the power to transform and refine images, it also skillfully blurs the line between reality and fiction, challenging the legitimacy of journalistic integrity and the credibility of news media.

Anam Hussain
Anam Hussain Published on: 26 Mar, 2024
Breaking Barriers: The Rise of Citizen Journalists in India's Fight for Media Inclusion

Grassroots journalists from marginalized communities in India, including Dalits and Muslims, are challenging mainstream media narratives and bringing attention to underreported issues through digital outlets like The Mooknayak.

Hanan Zaffa
Hanan Zaffar, Jyoti Thakur Published on: 3 Mar, 2024
Silenced Voices and Digital Resilience: The Case of Quds Network

Unrecognized journalists in conflict zones face serious risks to their safety and lack of support. The Quds Network, a Palestinian media outlet, has been targeted and censored, but they continue to report on the ground in Gaza. Recognition and support for independent journalists are crucial.

Yousef Abu Watfe يوسف أبو وطفة
Yousef Abu Watfeh Published on: 21 Feb, 2024